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Metformin | Biguanide | Anti-diabetic
| Introduction | Metformin, marketed under the trade names Glucophage, Neophage, Neodipar and others, is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, particularly in overweight people. It’s also used to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is taken by mouth and is not linked to weight gain. It’s sometimes used as an off-label supplement to help persons who take antipsychotics and phenelzine avoid gaining weight. |
| Class of Medicine | Metformin belongs to a group of medicines known as biguanides. Metformin aids in the regulation of glucose (sugar) levels in the blood. It reduces the amount of glucose you receive from food as well as the quantity of glucose your liver produces. |
| Mode of Action | The mechanisms of action of metformin are distinct from those of other oral antihyperglycemic medications. Metformin lowers blood glucose levels by reducing hepatic glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis), lowering glucose absorption in the intestine, and improving insulin sensitivity by enhancing peripheral glucose uptake and utilisation Label. Metformin is widely known for inhibiting mitochondrial complex I activity, and it has long been assumed that this is how it achieves its effective anti-diabetic actions 6,11. The actions described above result in a drop in blood glucose, which helps to manage type 2 diabetes and improve glycemic control. |
| Medical Uses | Metformin is a drug that is used to treat and prevent type 2 diabetes in those who are at a high risk of developing it. Metformin is used to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), despite the fact that it isn’t officially approved for the condition. |
| Avaiability & Usage | Metformin is available as tablet, and extended-release (long-acting) tablet for oral administration. The standard tablet is usually taken two or three times a day with meals. The extended-release tablet is normally taken with dinner once a day. Take metformin at the same time(s) every day to help you remember to take it. Follow the directions on your prescription label carefully, and if there is anything you don’t understand, ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain it to you. Metformin should be used exactly as prescribed. Do not take more or less of it, or take it more frequently than your doctor has suggested. |
| Side Effects | Metformin, like all drugs, can produce adverse effects, though not everyone experiences them. Side effects that are common: If these side effects annoy you or do not go away after a week, talk to your doctor or pharmacist: feeling unwell (nausea) |
| Important Warning | Metformin use is strongly discouraged in some individuals whose kidneys do not function normally because it increases the chance of developing lactic acidosis, a dangerous and potentially fatal condition in which too much lactic acid builds up in the blood. |
| Available Brands | Glucophage Neophage Neodipar |
