Ebastine – Anti-Histamine – H1 Receptor

Introduction

Ebastine is a second-generation antihistamine, available in brand names Kestine, Ebaget, Atmos has been demonstrated to be helpful in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, both seasonal and perennial.
Ebastine is an H1 antihistamine with a modest drowsiness risk.
It does not permeate the blood–brain barrier very well, combining an effective inhibition of the H1 receptor in peripheral tissue with a low prevalence of central side effects, such as sedation and tiredness.

Class of Medicine
Ebastine is an H1 receptor antagonist of the second generation that is used to treat allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. It comes in 10 and 20 mg tablets, as well as fast-dissolving tablets and paediatric syrup.

Mode of Action
Ebastine is a piperidine H1 antihistamine of the second generation. H1-antihistamines block histamine’s agonist effect at the H1 receptor and are used to reduce inflammation in allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and urticaria. Antigen presentation and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and chemotactic factors are all reduced when the activity of the NF-B immune response transcription factor is reduced via the phospholipase C and phosphatidylinositol (PIP2) signalling pathways. Furthermore, lowering the calcium ion concentration increases mast cell stability, which reduces the further release of histamine .

How should this medicine be used?
Ebastine can be taken with or without food once a day. Patients who are old or have mild–moderate hepatic impairment do not require dose adjustments. In patients with severe hepatic impairment, the maximum dose is 10 mg once day.

Common Side Effects

Nausea
Drowsiness
Dry mouth
Nose bleed
Weakness
Indigestion
Sleeplessness
Headache
Drowsiness
Abdominal pain
Pharyngitis
Dyspepsia
Asthenia
Sinusitis

Important Warning

Must talk to your doctor:
If the patient has the history of heart disease (e.g. long QT syndrome, hypokalaemia, treatment with agents known to increase QT interval). Use with CYP3A4 inhibitors at the same time.
Hepatic impairment is severe.
Children. Lactation and pregnancy.
If you are already taking certain antibiotics or drugs used to treat fungal infections

Available Brands (list can be updated in future)
Kestine
Ebaget
Atmos